How can a patient be considered to be making a truly autonomous decision if that decision is being influenced by the abilities of a nurse to “frame” the presentation of the relevant factors in order to suggest that one outcome is better than another? The promotion is valid for either 10% or 15% off any service. In alcohol-related problems, there is frequently an element of denial, both in terms of alcohol intake and its effects. Using Psychology in a Normal Medical Practice In a primary care setting, these skills are critical. Duckworth AL, et al. 1998). The diversity of psychology shown by these patients is virtually unique to this group and a firm grasp of the essential elements is vital if the district nurse is going to handle the situation both professionally and well. (Gillon. A large proportion of the work of the district nurses can be taken up with the care of the dying patient. (1) Although there have been significant changes to the scope of palliative care in the last 60 years, many professional and policy descriptors continue to use ‘palliative care’, ‘total care’ and ‘holistic care’ as synonyms. “False optimism about recovery” was the result an association between doctors’ activism and patients’ adherence to the treatment calendar and to the “recovery plot,” which allowed them not to acknowledge explicitly what they should and could know. 1997). The degree to which a patient complies (or concords) with instructions can be viewed as a measure of success of the presentation of that treatment directly to the patient. The rest of The’s paper is concerned with the psychological theory behind the explanations of just why it is that patients do adopt these defensive positions and just why it is that healthcare professionals frequently collude with them on this issue. Many nurses expressed the fact that they were concerned that patients might react negatively to such enquiries and that this would affect the degree of patient empathy. This Unit 15 Psychology for Health and Social Care Assignment makes a comparison of various theories of life span development along with throwing light on the relation of various psychological theories with … 2000), concluded that healthcare professionals were much more likely to recommend a healthcare intervention that they had personally experienced or witnessed as successful, with greater frequency than one which had been shown to have a secure evidence base in published literature. Naylor C et al (2013) Transforming our Health Care System: Ten Priorities for Commissioners. This means that the contact of a patient with the primary healthcare team is likely to outnumber the attendances at the clinic over a period of time. Posted Jun 02, 2015 A significant finding from this paper was that a patient may choose to overtly collude with the doctor during discussions of “a cure” but within a very short space of time may choose to talk in a much more open way with a nurse when pretences of a cure are actively dropped. Our academic experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have. The patient who understands why he is being asked to undergo a particular therapeutic regimen is far more likely to complete is successfully than one who is simply told what to do. For instance, young patients may be more afraid than adults. Section II discusses knowledge from other areas of psychology that is relevant, such as brain and This makes the patients more responsive with the instructions they are given. Health psychologists are focused on educating people about their own health and well-being, so they are perfectly suited to fill this rising demand. If the healthcare professional involved has a degree of denial of their own intake, clearly this will have repercussions on their presentation of the problem to the patient and their subsequent evaluation and willingness to invoke therapeutic or interventional measures for that patient. The reason that we have selected this paper for an initial consideration is that, unusually for a research paper, it does not simply consider the efficacy of a particular healthcare package, but it reviews and critically analyses the attitudes of the healthcare professionals on the overall outcomes with specific focus on their readiness to participate in such a venture. Again, this paper is specifically concerned with the patient with a terminal diagnosis, and it looked at the differences in the content and tone of the conversations that patients had with both doctors and nurses. 1999), Other significant factors that contributed to the likelihood of a healthcare professional instigating therapeutic measures were found to be their individual perception of their own degree of knowledge on the subject, both in terms of the effects of alcohol on the body and also in terms of the interventions that were available. All of this can help people have a more successful career, better relationships, more self-confidence and overall better communication. The paper concludes with the suggestion that specific training in the subject needs to be implemented and this training not only needs to address the knowledge gap that has been identified, but also the belief systems and attitudes of the healthcare professionals in the primary healthcare team in order that it can reach its maximum potential. 2002) . Florence Nightingale was the first nurse in the history of nursing. In short, this episode highlights some of the difficulties and dilemmas that are frequently faced by healthcare professionals in general and district nurses in particular. We should start a consideration of this issue however, with a reference to an earlier paper by Jennings (1997) who described the “emotional roller coaster” experienced by patients who deal with a malignant diagnosis and that this “evolution of emotional landscapes” can be predicted with a degree of certainty. Three important public health problems are discussed here. We opened this essay with a reference to the Theory of Rational Choice. As increasing numbers of people seek to take control of their own health, more and more people are seeking health-related information and resources. Health Psychology in Nursing Practice gives nurses and healthcare practitioners the essentials of health psychology to assist patients and their relatives in adjusting to diagnoses, coping with treatments and other disease-related life changes, managing symptoms and making healthy choices.Directly aimed at nurses, this textbook helps them improve their practice in a very practical way. Reference this. Promotion runs from 00:01am to 11:59pm (GMT/UTC) on the 30th November 2020. Equally it could be that the healthcare professionals involved do not like to be vicariously reminded of their own mortality and therefore collude willingly with the patient’s false optimism. A previous paper on the same subject (Andréasson S et al. There is a substantial evidence base in the literature which cites examples of how decisions can be changed or even reversed if they are presented with different emphasis on different factors in the presentation (van Osch S M C et al. A background knowledge of current treatment (both interventional and behavioural) is clearly vital to being able to answer the questions with a degree of professional confidence. Many aspiring nurses have wondered the need fro them to devote hours in studying Psychology. (Hendrick, J. The patients that we shall specifically consider in this segment however, are those who have a positive diagnosis of a life threatening condition but employ a number of coping mechanisms so that they do not have to directly confront the possibility of imminent death. The ramifications of this concept are huge, and therefore we intend to only discuss the issue by considering a number of the most relevant points. 17th Apr 2018 The dying, or terminally ill patient typically has a psychological profile that is quite different to the “average” patient. (Dean A. The relevance of the story is seen at the end where Dr Findlay is depicted talking to the dead lady’s husband and Dr Findlay expresses his shock at the speed at which the old lady died and the husband concludes the episode by observing that: “She was doing really well until you took away from her the one thing that she had left – and that was hope”. This article provides some structure to reflective practice to allow a health care provider to engage more with reflective practice and get more out of the experience. The significance of these theories is that, if the nurse has a remit to promote a healthier lifestyle (which is arguably part of a professional remit), she is most likely to have the greatest success in providing significant amounts of information to patients rather than simply dictating to them how they should alter their lifestyle without any significant explanation. The practicality of the situation is therefore that it clearly makes sense to discuss options in terms of treatment, palliation and support as soon as a positive diagnosis is made. They may have difficulties in understanding their illness. Time spent in explanation to a patient of the parameters and reasons for their treatment is rarely wasted. In the health care, the definition of psychology refers to the professional study of expert of the clients and patients regarding the behavioral development of human thought. Company Registration No: 4964706. This may include helping people maintain a healthy weight, avoid risky or unhealthy behaviors, and maintain a positive outlook that can combat stress, depression, … In the words of the paper, the authors suggest that: The problem of patient / doctor collusion does actually require an “active, patient orientated approach from the doctor”. From simple essay plans, through to full dissertations, you can guarantee we have a service perfectly matched to your needs. Rick recently hurt his back at work. Publishes research on human factors in health and illness, biopsychosocial approaches to medical care and management, and psychology and health in practice. (Yura H et al. Prevention is a foundational platform of community psychology, which positions it well to respond to the Government's goal of embedding prevention and early intervention into every aspect of the health system. A further psychological input that is relevant in this area is the perception of the healthcare professional of just how effective the intervention that is proposed is likely to be. This can be best examined with a verbatim extract from the The paper which refers to patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung: “False optimism about recovery” is usually developed during the (first) course of chemotherapy and was most prevalent when the cancer could no longer be seen in the x ray pictures. It has been estimatedthat diet, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, sexual practices,driving habits, and interpersonal violence together accounted for abouthalf the deaths in the United States in 2000 (Mokdad et al., 2004).Most authorities now acknowledge that significant improvements inpopulation health will only be achieved b… The hypothesis states that if people can become highly motivated to make a correct decision and are in a position (because they have been given relevant information), then they are likely to spontaneously engage in a “deliberate and thoughtful process in deciding how to behave” (Rise J 2000). Doctors appeared to be generally more confident about handling the possibility of a negative reaction. 2003). Christopher F. Bueno is currently the Dean of the College of Education, University of Northern Philippines, Vigan City. Psychology is the study of people's behavior, performance, and mental operations. (Campbell S M et al. "Positive Psychology in Clinical Practice," Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2005): pp. Although this gives it a bias towards mental health it also contains material of relevance to staff working with people across the age range in a variety of health and social care settings. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of UKEssays.com. Beail, N. (1988). It follows that if a patient is to have any degree of meaningful input into their treatment plans and consideration of the various options that are open to them, they must be both fully aware of, and quite prepared to confront, the implications of the situation that they find themselves in. A pragmatist might equally suggest that the nurse is employing valid psychological principles in her professional desire to achieve what is probably the best outcome for the patient (Coulter A. 2000). What the story does not tell us (and we can only surmise) is that Dr Cameron, in common with many other real healthcare professionals, also has psychological difficulties in dealing with the subject himself. This field of study generates information and data as to the handling of patients in their emotional stability, thought processes, behavioral stability and other forms of their mental action. Nursing is a career that requires a lot of different skills combined with a consistent level of quality care for a patient. In our daily lives Psychology is directly relevant through services like therapy and counselling. Nurses may find it very difficult to handle such patients and need to include them as part of their evaluation of the patient. Clinical Psychologists work with anyone from individuals, couples, families, or groups in a variety of settings, including private practices, hospitals, mental health organizations, schools, businesses, and non-profit agencies. We can immediately see the array of applications Psychology has in only one immediate practice, however Clinical Psychologists do employ numerous different ideologies and types of Psychol… The same study pointed to the fact that it appears that such fears were unfounded in reality, as the same proportion of patients reacted in a negative way in both groups. 1998).The psychological implications of this are that if one considers the NHS of more than about twenty years ago its structure was more isolationist and based on individual practice (DHSS 1988). Study for free with our range of university lectures! Clearly an understanding of the psychology of what colours the patient’s reactions is vital to the district nurse if she is to handle this type of situation both professionally and empathetically. The two most prominent being congruent leadership and transformational leadership. This has great relevance to our question, as the District Nurse can make decisions that are influenced by the “framing” of the presentation by the patient, but more significantly, she can seek to modify the decisions that a patient ultimately makes by framing her presentation of the situation in a number of different ways. Psychology Psychology as well as social work is a close helping profession that study individuals. Smoking, drug and alcohol abuse, eating disorders and obesity, depression, schizophrenia, mental disabilities, and the interactions of all these psychological issues are profoundly important for understanding and treating health issues in the general population. If they chose to distort some or any of the relevant facts of the case, it equally follows that they cannot make a reasoned and rational decision about the options and choices that they have in front of them. This is not an example of the work produced by our Essay Writing Service. She thinks that she might want to do that through the health care or the legal systems, but she's not sure. Correspondence should be addressed to Sandra Bucci, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, 2nd Floor, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK (email: Sandra.bucci@manchester.ac.uk). Theory in practice: identifying theory-based techniques in health coaches’ tailored feedback during a weight loss intervention. Encouragement to return to complete the full course may be a useful remit for the nurse confronted by a patient in this situation. Psychology & Health, Volume 35, Issue 11 (2020) Editor's Choice paper . To maintain registration as a Social Worker with the Health and Care Professions Council, I am required to carry out Continued Professional Development and this includes the need to reflect and continually link psychological research to professional practice. In practical terms, the average attendance at a psychology clinic is about five outpatient attendances. This area is examined in commendable detail by the paper by Johansson (K et al. Fostering consumer involvement in health care; Roles in preventative health. Unit 15 Psychology for Health and Social Care Assignment. If we take a completely detached and dispassionate consideration of this situation the healthcare professional can say with almost complete certainty, that the patient with a positive diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the lung is going to die. The practicality of the situation could have been handled better with a more thorough understanding of the thought processes and psychological mechanisms employed by Mrs McIver in her last few weeks. Health psychology has an important role to play in the education of healthcare professionals by promoting patient-centered care that facilitates increased self-management, allowing individuals to have control over their health and helping them make better choices. This specifically is the issue that The and his colleagues considered in their paper (The et al. Posted Jun 02, 2015 In essence, the entry cohort to this study was a collection of about 150 primary healthcare team workers who could potentially be involved in the delivery of an alcohol awareness programme. This diversification is due to widening recognition of psychology as a health profession (Belar, 2002; Brown, Freeman, Brown, Belar, Hersch, & Hornyak, 2002), of the unique skills of psychologists, and of the value of psychological services for health and well-being. Kathleen Ryan, Lisa Ellen Murphy, Conor Linehan & Samantha Dockray. This review is an inquiry into the relevance of attachment theory to the current philosophy, organization, and practice of adult mental health care, via an examination of the literature relating to attachment theory and, in particular, the literature relating to research into adult attachment. Social Psychology is concerned with diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses. the most appropriate information available, to make clinical decisions for individual patients. This is contrasted with the finding that, in the study, when a patient was given a terminal diagnosis, the next question was almost invariably a variation of “what are the chances of a cure?” (Meredith et al 1996). B et al. Nurses are often involved, both overtly and in their everyday work, in the business of Health Promotion. 629–51. >From this brief overview, it can be seen that psychology plays a role at many different levels in what is basically a fairly straightforward healthcare professional / patient interchange, and the attitudes of both patient and healthcare professional can have a profound impact on the eventual outcome of the care package for the individual patient. An interesting twist in these discussions of the psychology of the situation is provided by Dean (Dean 2002), who offers a specific insight into the way patients perceive the differences between nurses and other healthcare professionals. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a term that is familiar to nursing, allied health and other health professionals, and increasingly there is an expectation by health services, managers, patients and other consumers that the ‘best available evidence’ is used to underpin clinical decision-making. Behavioural Porter S (1995) Sociology and the nursing curriculum: a defence. All work is written to order. The perception of a situation is dependent on its “framing”. Others again may take a rational view that “if the patient wants to know the truth then they will ask, if they don’t want to know then they won’t ask” and thereby actively avoid confronting the situation (Curtis J R. 2000). (Dihn-Zarr, T et al. This is an exemplification of the constant calls in the literature for a holistic and patient centred approach to patient care rather than a blanket approach to this type of clinical problem. An understanding of psychology is clearly important to the nurse when she interprets a patient’s reaction to events in their personal illness trajectory. Thus, psychology can help improve the nurse and patient relationship. Lynn (Lynn 2001) adds a counter-intuitive note of caution for the nurse with the thought that this situation requires a great deal of careful handling by the nurse, as the psychological mechanism that underlies the nursing approach is that the patient may actually be looking for reassurance and (possibly unexpected) reinforcement of their own false optimism. The’s analysis suggested that the majority of patients in the study did actively want to know if the illness that they had was terminal with over 85% stating that they would wish to be told the truth rather than be given false optimism in an unrealistic fashion. A large proportion of the work of the district nurses can be taken up with the care of the dying patient. EBP promotes the collection, interpretation, and integration of valid, important and applicable patient-reported, clinician-observed, and research-derived evidence. through the use of self-care plans) Where appropriate, patients are offered treatments other than medication Treatment plans are individually tailored for each patient Patients are involved, unless impracticable, in any decisions about referral Where practicable, patients are informed of the reasons for referral to specialists or other professionals, This element of compliance is frequently cited in many of the tools of quality indication that are used in formal studies in this area. Statistically we know that over 90% of patients are dead within two years of diagnosis and the overall five year survival figures are nil.